Lewis argues that there has been no civilization that honored things in opposition to a universal morality. No one throws a parade for the army that retreats out of cowardice. However, I am not sure this is completely accurate. Challenges: - Ch 1 - What about cannibalistic tribes who praise their hunters? - Ancient societies practiced human sacrifice - Ch 2 - Lewis says there is not a great difference in cultures' moralities, but then argues that there is a clear distinction between Christianity and Nazi Germany. Did Nazi Germany attempt to form a different morality? Was their application of their version of morality simply in disagreement with others? This suggests that while the **form** of moral duty (e.g., courage, duty to the tribe) may be universal, the **content** of morality (what actions satisfy those duties) can vary dramatically, undermining the idea of a simple, uniform moral law. Research: - [[Ritualistic Human Sacrifice]] - [[Cannibalism]] - [[Ancient Moralities]] - [[Morality Drift]] - [[Nazi Morality]] --- Sources: - [[Lewis - MC - B1 - C1]] - [[Lewis - MC - B1 - C2]] Links: - [[Universal Reality of Morality]] #ResearchNeeded